Darmstadtium

group 10 · period 7 · d-block · unknown, probably transition metal

Identity

Name and symbol: Darmstadtium, Ds
Atomic number: 110 protons
Position: group 10 · period 7 · d-block · unknown, probably transition metal
CAS number: 54083-77-1

Atomic structure

Atomic mass: 281 u
Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁸
[Rn] 7s²⁵f¹⁴⁶d⁸(predicted)
Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 16, 2
Valence electrons: 10 ns and (n-1)d

nuclide	half-life	decay
²⁸²Ds	4.2 m	α≈100%; SF ?
²⁸³Ds	1 m [Estimated]	α ?; SF ?
²⁸⁴Ds	1 m [Estimated]	α ?; SF ?
²⁸¹Ds	14 s	SF=90±0.7%; α=10±0.7%

no stable isotope; the longest-lived nuclides

Physical properties

State at room temperature: Expected to be a Solid
Melting point: not in sources
Boiling point: not in sources
Density: not in sources
Appearance: not in sources
Thermal conductivity: not in sources
Electrical resistivity: not in sources
Electrical conductivity: not in sources
Crystal structure: body-centered cubic
Molar heat capacity: not in sources

Chemical properties

Oxidation states: 8, 6, 4, 2, 0 (predicted)
Electronegativity: not in sources
Ionisation energy: not in sources
Electron affinity: not in sources
Atomic radius: not in sources
Ionic radius: not in sources

Reactivity: A group 10 transactinide known only from a handful of short-lived atoms; no chemical experiment has been performed, and the only isotope long enough lived for one, 281Ds, must be made indirectly from flerovium decay.
with water: Not known; no experiment has been reported.
with oxygen, air: Not known; no experiment has been reported.
with acids: Not known; no experiment has been reported.
with halogens: Not known; no experiment has been reported.

Typical compounds: not in sources

Occurrence, production and use

Crustal abundance: Not Applicable
Oceanic abundance: Not Applicable

Occurrence and sources

synthetic only nickel and lead atoms fused in a heavy ion accelerator

Extraction, production: not in sources

Uses: Since only a few atoms of darmstadtium have ever been produced, it currently has no uses outside of basic scientific research.

Safety, toxicity: not in sources

Discovery and name

Discovered by: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
Discovered: 1994
First isolated: not in sources
Named by: not in sources
Origin of the name: after Darmstadt, Germany, where it was discovered

Darmstadtium does not occur naturally in the Earth’s crust. Darmstadtium was first synthesized by an international team of scientists from the GSI in Darmstadt, Germany, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia, the Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia and the University of Jyväskylä, Finland at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt (Fig. IUPAC.110.1), Germany in 1994 using the nuclear reaction 208Pb (62Ni, n) 269Ds. The element was named darmstadtium after the place where the first synthesis was made [656], [657], [658], [659]. Darmstadtium has no known isotopic applications aside from scientific research.

Darmstadtium is named after the city Darmstadt, Germany.

Conventions

Valence electrons are counted by the usual convention: the outer shell for s- and p-block elements, ns and (n-1)d for the d-block, ns, (n-1)d and (n-2)f for the f-block. Lanthanides and actinides are placed in the f-block with no group number. Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of the printed resistivity. Ionic radii are Shannon effective radii, six-coordinate unless noted. Where a field reads “not in sources” the value was not found; it is a gap, not a zero. Regulatory limits are the published values and change often, so check the standard in force at your site and the numbers written into your own permit before you design to them.

Data

Element records, isotopes, radii and the descriptive text come from PubChem (NCBI), the Los Alamos National Laboratory periodic table, IUPAC CIAAW and the IAEA Atomic Mass Data Center. Appearance, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, crystal structure, discovery and the origin of each name come from Wikipedia and Periodic-Table-JSON, used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Hazard classifications come from the ECHA C&L inventory via PubChem. Ionic radii follow R. D. Shannon (1976). The water chapters cite their own sources at the foot of each entry, and are written to the level of Snoeyink and Jenkins, Stumm and Morgan, MWH's Water Treatment and Metcalf and Eddy.