Treatment Technologies
Coagulation & Flocculation Companies
Coag/floc solution providers, chemistry, jar testing, clarifier and DAF design for particulate and colloid removal.
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- Coagulation/Flocculation or Ion Exchange capabilities
- Suppliers with utilities sector experience
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80 results from 80 matched providers
Ecosystems International
PT Ecosystems International (PT ESI) was established at Jakarta on 21st November 2006. We are an industrial effluent treatment systems integrator specializing in electrocoagulation (EC), a unique waste water treatment profile. PT ESI has capabilities in designing complete waste water treatment solutions by combining various effluent treatment systems such as the electro-coagulation, biological, chemical processes and membrane filtration, offering its customers a wide and comprehensive range of solutions, tailored to suit their various needs – ranging from basic effluent treatment for discharge to effluent recycling for water reuse. The Company is experienced in handling the design, engineering, procurement, construction and operation of new Effluent Treatment Plants (“ETP”) and possesses expertise in retrofitting existing ETP to increase the flow rate and treatment capability without any major infrastructure increase PT ESI is also a premier waste water treatment service company specializing in handling waste water generated from Exploration (Drilling) and Produced Water. Customers in Indonesia include major Oil & Gas companies such as Pertamina, Exxon, Chevron, Petro-China and Medco. Operations in Indonesia are provided by both mobile and fixed units. At drill sites where waste-water recycling is required, PT ESI supplement these treatment units with skid mounted mobile Reverse Osmosis systems. The technologies and solutions employed by PT ESI are developed in-house and examples of these are its proprietary Trident™ Electro Contaminant Removal (“ECR”) system, the Stage Contaminant Removal (“SCR”) process and Mobile On-Site Waste-Water Treatment (“OWT”) units
Brine Consulting
BRINE CONSULTING delivers senior-level strategy, technical design, and actionable insight across the full lifecycle of water-related challenges. We support clients with advisory and due diligence, advanced brine management and resource recovery, industrial and municipal water reuse, and MLD/ZLD systems. Our team also leads ESG and climate-resilience strategy, innovation scouting, and international development and PPP advisory. With deep specialization in desalination, brine valorization, circular economy models, and high-impact infrastructure, we help organizations turn water and waste streams into opportunities, providing clear thinking, rapid delivery, and solutions built for real-world results.
Gi Aqua , Water as a Service
GI WAAS delivers cutting-edge water and wastewater solutions using advanced nanotechnology and zero total discharge solution sets industry standards. Our mission is to provide smart, sustainable, and decentralized treatment systems. We are committed to circular economy principles and reducing environmental impact. Our holistic approach provides comprehensive, tailor-made solutions that are designed to meet the specific needs of each client
Hangzhou Realize Technology Co., LTD.
HANGZHOU REALIZE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. is a technology enterprise. The company collaborates with domestic and international universities such as Beijing University of Technology, Tsinghua University, and Berlin University of Technology to address the challenges of enhancing anaerobic efficiency and nitrogen removal in high-ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The core technologies foucs on energy-saving denitrification and enhanced green methane production. These two technologies can increase production efficiency of green methane by 20% and reduce costs of wastewater denitrification by 60%.
Hainan Litree Water Purification Technology Industry Co., Ltd.
Litree: Pioneering Ultrafiltration for a Water-Secure World Founded in 1992, Litree has dedicated 30+ years to redefining water purification through ultrafiltration (UF) membrane technology—our core expertise and passion立升（Litree）. As a global high-tech enterprise rooted in independent innovation, we’ve evolved from a membrane R&D startup to one of the world’s leading water problem solvers, with over 146 core patents and state-of-the-art manufacturing hubs in Haikou and Suzhou, China立升（Litree）. Our signature hollow fiber UF membranes are engineered to deliver unmatched performance: 0.01μm precision removes 99.99% of bacteria, viruses, and contaminants while preserving essential minerals—striking the perfect balance between purity and health立升（Litree）. This technology powers our diverse solutions, from residential whole-house systems to large-scale municipal projects and industrial wastewater treatment, all designed for sustainability and cost-efficiency. What truly sets us apart is our commitment to making safe water accessible. We’ve completed projects serving 50,000+ residents with centralized purification systems that cut construction costs and footprint by 50% compared to traditional setups—proof that advanced technology can also be affordable. Today, our solutions reach 60+ countries, supporting 3,000+ industrial clients and millions of households worldwide. At Litree, water isn’t just our business—it’s our mission. We believe every drop matters, and we’ll keep pushing boundaries to create a future where clean, safe water is a universal right, not a privilege
ADIQUIMICA S.A.
Adiquímica S.A. is a leading water treatment company in Spain, offering comprehensive solutions for industrial water management. With over 40 years of experience, they specialize in advanced treatment technologies and monitoring systems, serving diverse industries such as manufacturing, utilities, and hospitality.
Chemipol S.A.
Chemipol S.A. is a leading manufacturer and supplier of biocides, additives, and specialty chemicals, serving diverse industries such as utilities, manufacturing, and energy production. Based in Spain, Chemipol provides advanced water treatment solutions, including desalination and wastewater treatment technologies, across Europe.
BWT Holding GmbH
BWT Holding GmbH specializes in water treatment technologies, providing innovative solutions for filtration, purification, and water treatment plants. As a leading equipment manufacturer and technology provider, BWT serves diverse industries, ensuring high-quality water management across Europe.
Eurotrol S.p.a.
Eurotrol S.p.a., based in Italy, specializes in primary water treatment components, serving industries like construction, manufacturing, and utilities. As a medium-sized equipment manufacturer and technology provider, Eurotrol delivers solutions in infrastructure systems and treatment technologies across Europe.
Kurita Europe GmbH
Kurita Europe delivers advanced water treatment technologies and sustainable solutions for industrial and environmental efficiency
Aqua Glory Co., Ltd.
Aqua Glory Co., Ltd. is a South Korean company specializing in the manufacturing and provision of advanced water treatment technologies, serving utilities and manufacturing sectors across the Asia-Pacific region.
Sidonwater S.L.
Sidon Water is a water technology company specialised in non-chemical water treatment and system optimisation. We develop and deploy advanced solutions that prevent and remove limescale, reduce fouling and corrosion, and improve the performance of cooling towers, industrial water systems, and reverse osmosis and desalination installations. Sidon Water works with industrial clients, commercial building owners, OEMs and EPC partners to deliver measurable improvements in energy efficiency, operational reliability and asset lifetime. Our activities cover the full cycle from analysis and pilot projects to system integration, commissioning and long-term performance optimisation.
Biocompact
SAVE WATER, SAVE OUR PLANET! With climate change and a growing population, saving drinking water is more important than ever. 20% of our drinking water is used to flush the toilet, and therefore biocompact helps companies, governments and non-profit organisations to save drinking water in the sanitary room.
GI Aqua Tech
GI AQUA is a prominent provider of wastewater treatment solutions, dedicated to creating innovative technologies that foster a sustainable future for our world and its inhabitants. We follow a human-centered approach in our innovations, and our team consistently develops cutting-edge technologies and services to surpass our partners’ expectations while aligning with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals.
Haining BEISHI Environment Protection Technology CO., LTD
Haining BEISHI Environment Protection Technology CO., LTD is a leading innovator in water pre-treatment systems, offering advanced filtration solutions and a wide range of water purification products. With a strong presence in China and the Asia-Pacific region, the company serves the utilities and manufacturing industries, providing high-quality equipment and technology.
RCI Aquatech
Founded in 2009, formerly known as Red Circle Industries (RCI), RCI Aquatech creates custom wastewater solutions based on end users’ requirements, which allow for optimally chosen components resulting in a solution that meets or exceeds customer needs. RCI Aquatech’s wastewater treatment systems combine necessary process technologies to reach required state and federal discharge limits and comply with local regulations. Our systems focus on removal of pollutants such as heavy metals, greases, suspended solids, oils, high salt content, toxic compounds, phosphates and more. Using chemical-physical treatment (coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation), biological treatment (aerobic and anaerobic) and wet chemical oxidation (persistent or toxic organics). Our expertise comprises the following technologies: Filtration & softening systems Physicochemical treatment (coagulation-flocculation) Membrane filtration (UF & RO) Ion exchange Chemical oxidation Biological treatment Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) system
Acquasystem
Acquasystem specializes in advanced water treatment solutions, offering cutting-edge filtration technologies and digital monitoring systems. Based in Italy, the company serves diverse industries with a focus on sustainability and innovation, providing tailored solutions for water purification and management.
ENERGY ENERAGUA S.L.L.
Eneragua specializes in the design, manufacture, and installation of water treatment systems, with a focus on reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. With over 30 years of experience, they offer comprehensive solutions for water purification, maintenance, and technical support, ensuring efficient and sustainable water management.
Envites, spol. s r.o.
Envites, spol. s r.o. specializes in water treatment solutions, offering engineering, design, and manufacturing services for industrial and municipal water treatment plants. With expertise in advanced filtration and separation technologies, they cater to various industries, including construction, manufacturing, and utilities, across Europe.
Hainan Litree Purifying Technology Co., Ltd.
Hainan Litree Purifying Technology Co., Ltd. is a leading Chinese manufacturer specializing in ultrafiltration membrane technology. The company provides advanced water purification and treatment solutions for residential, commercial, and industrial applications, serving diverse industries including utilities and manufacturing.
Optimizing Coagulation and Flocculation for Clarification and Filtration Performance
Coagulation and flocculation are the foundational steps in most surface water treatment trains, converting colloidal and fine suspended particles into settleable or filterable floc. Coagulation—the charge neutralization step—must occur under intense rapid mixing conditions (G values of 700–1,000 s⁻¹) for 30–60 seconds to allow the coagulant (typically aluminum or ferric salts, or polyaluminum chloride) to contact all colloidal particles before the reaction equilibrium shifts. Under-mixing produces insufficient charge neutralization; over-mixing can break nascent floc before it grows to settleable size. Coagulant dose and pH must be optimized together—aluminum coagulation operates in a narrow pH window of 6.0–7.5, while ferric coagulation is effective over a wider range of 5.0–8.0.
Flocculation—the particle agglomeration step—follows coagulation in a series of tapered-energy mixing zones (G values typically declining from 60 to 20 s⁻¹ across 20–30 minutes of detention time) designed to allow micro-floc particles to collide and bind into larger, faster-settling macrofloc. Polymer coagulant aids and flocculant aids (high-molecular-weight anionic or cationic polyacrylamides) are dosed in the flocculation stage to strengthen floc and improve settling velocity. Jar testing is essential for optimizing both coagulant dose and polymer type and dose under current feedwater conditions, as seasonal NOM character changes significantly affect optimal treatment conditions.
Inline coagulation—applying coagulant with minimal detention time directly upstream of a membrane filter—is a different design paradigm used for ultrafiltration pre-treatment in surface water plants. Here the goal is not to form large settleable floc but to destabilize colloids and NOM just enough to improve membrane adsorption and reduce irreversible fouling, with the membrane itself performing the separation. Inline coagulation doses are typically much lower than conventional coagulation doses, and overdosing can accelerate membrane fouling rather than preventing it.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I determine the optimal coagulant dose for my water treatment plant?
Jar testing is the standard method for coagulant dose optimization. Run a coagulant dose-response curve (typically 4–6 dose increments) at your current feedwater turbidity, NOM concentration (measured as UV₂₅₄ absorbance or TOC), and temperature. Measure settled turbidity, final pH, and residual aluminum or iron at each dose. The optimal dose is the lowest dose that achieves your target effluent turbidity while keeping residual coagulant within regulatory limits. Jar testing should be repeated seasonally as NOM character and temperature change, and whenever source water quality shifts significantly.
What is enhanced coagulation and when is it required?
Enhanced coagulation is a treatment strategy that optimizes coagulant dose and pH to maximize total organic carbon (TOC) removal beyond what is needed just for turbidity reduction, targeting specific percent TOC removal requirements under EPA's Surface Water Treatment Rule and Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (D/DBPR). It is required for surface water utilities in TOC removal percentage tiers defined by source water TOC and alkalinity. Enhanced coagulation typically requires operating at a lower pH (5.5–6.0 for alum) and higher coagulant dose than conventional turbidity-removal coagulation.
How do I select between aluminum sulfate (alum), ferric chloride, and polyaluminum chloride (PAC)?
Alum is the lowest-cost option and performs well in warm water (above 10°C) at moderate NOM concentrations and in the pH range of 6.0–7.5. Ferric chloride is preferred for cold water performance, higher NOM concentrations, and source waters requiring lower residual pH operation. PAC (polyaluminum chloride) typically outperforms both at lower temperatures, produces less sludge per unit of TOC removal, and works over a wider pH range, but costs 2–4 times more per kg than alum. Pilot testing or jar testing under your specific conditions is the only reliable way to compare performance for your feedwater.
What are the signs that my coagulation/flocculation process is underperforming?
Common indicators include filter effluent turbidity above 0.3 NTU on a consistent basis (suggesting poor floc formation and filter breakthrough), high filter head loss development rate (suggesting large, weak floc is blinding the filter surface rather than penetrating the bed), visible pinpoint floc in the settled effluent (indicating incomplete flocculation), and increasing filter-to-waste (FTW) volumes needed at startup (suggesting coagulation optimization is needed). Increasing disinfection byproduct formation in the finished water is a secondary indicator of inadequate NOM removal during coagulation.