By Challenge / Contaminant

    Scale & Corrosion Control Companies

    Scale and corrosion control programs, inhibitors, monitoring, and side-stream treatment for cooling and boilers.

    38 providers

    This page is a good fit if you need:

    • Cartridge Filters or Flat Sheet UF Membranes capabilities
    • Suppliers with manufacturing sector experience
    • Providers operating in United Kingdom or India
    Providers
    38
    Verified
    3
    Countries
    8

    Can't find the right fit? Post a brief and let qualified suppliers come to you.

    Post a project

    Find a Scale & Corrosion Control Provider

    Showing 21-38 of 38

    38 results from 38 matched providers

    Amazon Filters Ltd logo

    Amazon Filters Ltd

    United Kingdom

    Founded in 1985, UK-based Amazon Filters Ltd is one of Europe’s leading manufacturers and suppliers of bespoke filtration technology such as filter cartridges and housings. Our comprehensive range of products support critical liquid and gas applications in many industries. With over 40 years of continuous support to municipal water companies, we are ideally placed to solve water quality problems with our bespoke cartridge filtration technology. From small boundary boxes installations to large volume fully containerised system and rentable mobile skids, we can manufacture and supply it all. We offer solutions for: Turbidity Control Metals Removal (iron / manganese) Cryptosporidium removal Chlorine reduction Let us support your AMP 8 commitments: Securing Long Term Resilience Securing Cost Efficiency Securing Confidence and Assurance We operate a range of ISO-accredited Quality Management Systems to ensure excellence in customer service. We provide high quality, reliable products and services that exceed client expectations. We help you worry less about the filtration process so you can focus on what you do best.

    Accreditations
    AUMA Actuators Limited logo

    AUMA Actuators Limited

    United Kingdom

    Based in Clevedon, near Bristol, North Somerset, AUMA Actuators Limited is the UK subsidiary of the global AUMA Reister GmbH and Co., the world’s largest manufacturer of electric valve actuators, operating on every continent, with 2,300 employees in 30 locations. AUMA Actuators Limited is the UK arm of global manufacturer AUMA Reister GmbH, manufacturing daily over 500 electric actuators for valves, penstocks and dampers. A trusted supplier to the UK water and wastewater industry, AUMA holds supply and maintenance frameworks with all major UK water companies. With a UK-based team of experts and a £2.5 million inventory held locally, AUMA ensures rapid response and fast-track call-off for urgent project requirements. AUMA provides electric actuators – including variable speed, explosion-proof and underwater variants – plus gearboxes for flow control across water and wastewater networks, backed by comprehensive service, maintenance, and support tailored to the specific needs of the UK water sector. Key Products • SQ and SA part and multi-turn actuators for Class A and B operation, torques from 10 Nm to 32,000 Nm extendable to 675,000 Nm with optional gearboxes. • SQR and SAR modulating actuators provide Class C control up to 1500 starts/hr. Torques from 15 Nm to 2,400 Nm depending on model chosen. • SQV and SAV variable speed actuators provide accurate close control of valve position and flow rate, with soft-open and soft-close ability that protect ageing assets while retaining speed of operation and emergency functions. Tripping torques from 10 Nm to 1000 Nm. Modulating versions SQRV and SARV are also available • Profox – compact actuators for part- and multi-turn applications – easy to set up, reliable and tough, for torque ranges up to 600 Nm (part turn) and 100 Nm (multi-turn) For explosive atmospheres, AUMA actuators are available with full ATEX certification. Please ask us for details. AUMA equipment is built for the digital world. Full Fieldbus integration, the ability to integrate and consolidate other plant signals and bidirectional control makes AUMA an ideal project partner, while the modular approach and versatile configuration of AUMA equipment makes it ideal when you are considering automation of existing assets.

    Reservoirs - Treated Water
    Accreditations
    Cadman Cranes Ltd logo

    Cadman Cranes Ltd

    United Kingdom

    Cadman Cranes is a leading provider of lifting solutions in the UK with over 50 years’ experience and a reputation for quality, reliability and safety. At the very forefront of sustainability within the industry, Cadman Cranes offer responsible and collaborative turn-key solutions across all industries. From depots in Colchester and Brentwood, Cadman is ideally positioned to cover the East of England and beyond, living and breathing its mission to provide safe lifting solutions to industry and communities in a collaborate, considerate and sustainable way. Cadman has always placed great importance on delivering so much more than just crane hire. Its values are focussed on the success of its clients, its people and its community, and it takes great pride in going the extra mile on every job, no matter how big or small. Cadman Cranes add value to your hard work and offer a full-service lifting solution that goes far beyond just crane hire. It doesn’t just look for customers, it looks for partnerships based on trust, quality and safety. Services include: Contract lift services: Our complete package service is ideal for those who require a fully managed lifting solution, removing your risk and liability, and ensuring that we deal with all of the ‘heavy lifting’. Crane hire services: Cadman Cranes is the leading crane rental company in the East of England, providing crane hire across London, Essex, East Anglia, and all over the UK. With cranes available 24/7, 365 days a year, we are well positioned to keep your operations moving. Tank clearance, dredging, and grab solutions: Cadman Cranes offers innovative tank clearance solutions with our custom-designed grab attachment. The remote-controlled grab, mounted to the hooks of our mobile cranes, can reach up to 60 meters and handle a variety of materials, including sewage waste, sludge, grit, mud, and sand. This service is ideal for wastewater treatment plants, sewage facilities, digester tanks, aeration tanks, ports, and any industrial sites that require regular tank cleaning, maintenance, or dredging. Specialist lifting equipment for utility installation projects: Utilising our range of specialist lifting equipment, we have assisted on some of the most complex utility installation projects throughout the East of England, solving problems currently unimaginable by other mobile crane hire companies. Our innovative Compact Crawler Cranes, in combination with our remote-controlled telescopic hydraulic grab, have proved invaluable in providing the highest level of service and crane hire to the utilities sector. If you would like to work with Cadman Cranes or are looking to add a safe and considerate crane hire solution to your list of approved suppliers, Cadman would love to hear from you.

    Asset Maintenance & Rehabilitation
    Costain logo

    Costain

    United Kingdom

    Costain works with water and wastewater companies to shape, create and deliver pioneering solutions that improve water quality, affordability and resilience. Population growth, regulatory changes, energy costs and climate change are having a dramatic impact on water usage. The national approach to managing water supply is changing to meet these challenges. The Government and industry regulator are tasked with cutting wastage and preserving an increasingly valuable resource, while protecting consumers from higher water bills. The water sector team offers: Expert input into consultation documents, close work with Government and water companies and innovative delivery, all of which help to minimise costs to water users while meeting national investment needs. A manufacturing mindset: programme optimisation advisory services, standard product development, production controls, whole-life costing and lean delivery processes. Cross-sector best practice: we provide value for our clients by drawing on experience from across the company and by working closely with our decarbonisation experts to drive regional growth strategies. Technology integration: working with some of the UK’s leading asset and data analytics organisations we analyse large volumes of real time data to create greater benefits for our customers through optimised maintenance, pump operation, energy and chemical usage. Current water industry frameworks: Anglian Water – Strategic Pipeline Alliance Severn Trent Southern Water – CMDP JV Thames Water United Utilities – Maintenance Service Provider Yorkshire Water – Technical Services

    Programme Management
    Contractors
    Drive Systems Limited logo

    Drive Systems Limited

    United Kingdom

    With over 35 years experience and knowledge of manufacturing variable speed electrical control systems, Drive Systems Ltd provide fixed and variable speed drives, control panels and will commission and install both the mechanical equipment and electrical supplies, as required. Drive Systems Limited is a wholly owned independent company founded in 1986 by its present directors to promote the use of packaged inverter drive systems into a wide range of industrial applications so that they could benefit from the flexibility of control and the large potential energy savings that this, then, emerging new technology could provide. Many areas of industry, from pet food manufacturers to woodworking machine makers and from the nuclear industry to the water companies became valued customers and benefited from bespoke packaged drive systems tailored to their specific application. The water companies soon became the source of the majority of the companies workload, with inverter based drive systems being developed for wet well submersible pump systems, rectangular bacteria bed distributors (both rope hauled and independently driven) and for circular filter bed distributor drives. This latter drive system, enjoying patent protection of its principles of operation, has been a huge success and over 2000 systems have been supplied into all of the UK`s Water Companies, as well as to numerous overseas locations. Drive Systems has recognised the need, not only to provide products and packaged control systems, but also to provide an installation and commissioning service which ensures optimised performance from the existing plant. Drive Systems site programme includes installation of both mechanical and electrical equipment on prepared foundations. The service is not complete without the inter connection of all items of equipment, including cables, cable trays and ducts, as required. Lighting, heating, ventilation are a natural extension of this work. Drive Systems can provide Fixed and variable speed drives for pumps and fans Control panels and cabinets designed for specific applications Percolating circular filter bed drives and control Percolating rectangular filter bed drives and control Complete installation both mechanical: cabling and electrical supplies Commissioning and test Servicing and repairs

    Treatment Works Products/Services
    Dunphy Combustion Ltd logo

    Dunphy Combustion Ltd

    United Kingdom

    Dunphy have extensive experience in manufacturing, installing and maintaining ultra low NOx burners for sludge and wastewater treatment processes. Our burner designs mitigate the formation of thermal NOx through staged combustion supported by CFD optimised combustion heads and advanced touchscreen digital boiler/burner controls. When used with a correctly dimensioned boiler, NOx emissions are inherently low at 35mg. per kWh on gas and biogas. Burner components are designed and manufactured in materials which resist corrosion thus reducing expensive maintenance downtime. Design options also include sluice burners, retractable heads and web based software for the remote management of burners and boilers. Our factory laboratories have facilities to test the critical fuel characteristics of recovered sewerage biogases – including key calorific variations. This data then informs the engineering design of burners and boiler shells to optimise specific site combustion efficiency. Dunphy also specialise in the off-site manufacture of modular boiler houses for wastewater treatment sites. Our assembly hall adjacent to our main factory complex allows the construction of double tier containerised plant rooms which are delivered to site fully equipped and tested. The plant is ATEX compliant and we prepare all FDS reports, DSEAR analyses, SIL and risk assessments. Examples of our prefabricated energy centres can be seen on Thames Water, Severn Trent and Scottish Water sites – as well as municipal waste to energy locations. Dunphy customers benefit from direct contact with our engineers through the processes of project design, equipment manufacture and testing, installation and commissioning thus by-passing the alternative, lengthy third party contractual chain. Our customers include: Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water Uisce Éireann Northumbrian Water Severn Trent Scottish Water Southern Water Thames Water United Utilities Wessex Water Yorkshire Water

    Renewables & Energy Management
    Eliquo Hydrok Ltd logo

    Eliquo Hydrok Ltd

    United Kingdom

    ELIQUO HYDROK works with all major UK and Ireland water companies, providing practical water engineering solutions. As a specialist engineering firm with head office in Indian Queens, ELIQUO HYDROK operates at the forefront of innovative and sustainable water treatment technologies. We support the entire UK water sector, supplying every water company. Part of ELIQUO WATER GROUP, the extensive portfolio includes solutions for wastewater management, wastewater treatment, clean water treatment and surface water management; Mecana PCMF, aeration technologies, CSO screens, flow controls, storm tank flushing and Raw Water Intake Screens. Plus, a sludge treatment portfolio that helps reduce costs, improve efficiency, and meet environmental compliance requirements – through systems like ELOVAC® for vacuum degassing, and other integrated technologies in biogas, digestion, dewatering and drying. With established teams in Cornwall, Wolverhampton and Wombwell, ELIQUO HYDROK are well-equipped to support operations – from start to finish; with design, manufacture, management and install capabilities – across the UK and Ireland. This wealth of in-house expertise is backed by a forward-thinking mindset to help customers achieve their long-term goals sustainably; to deliver results in AMP 8 and beyond.

    Treatment Works Products/Services
    Asset Maintenance & Rehabilitation
    ERG (Air Pollution Control) Ltd logo

    ERG (Air Pollution Control) Ltd

    United Kingdom

    ERG (Air Pollution Control) Limited is the leading supplier of wastewater odour control units (OCUs) for the UK Water Industry and increasingly supplies odour control systems around the world. In addition, ERG can provide specialist advice and solutions to assist in achieving IED compliance for relevant odour assets. In the past 10 years, we have provided over 200 OCUs and count all the UK water companies and major main contractors among our clients. So, whether you are looking for a large, multi-stage chemical scrubbing system, an environmentally friendly bio-trickling filter or bio-scrubber system, a simple but efficient activated carbon or dry media system, an Odorgard™ from ERG Hygrade, or even an RTO (Regenerative Thermal Oxidiser) system, ERG can develop a tailor-made solution to suit. All ERG Odour Control Systems are: Purpose-designed by our process engineers to eliminate the cocktail of inlet odours to the required standard. Optimised to give the best value capital and running costs. Built and tested to current BS EN and WIMES specifications. Guaranteed to achieve the required discharge odour concentration and supported by our skilled and experienced maintenance team. Minimising non-compliant emissions to atmosphere by regular, planned maintenance protects your reputation and saves you money. Our maintenance department can help keep your air pollution and odour control systems running effectively and at the lowest operating costs. Our specialist engineers are experts in maintaining most types of odour and air pollution control equipment and always work to the highest safety standards. We often save clients many thousands of pounds by repairing and enhancing dilapidated air pollution and odour control equipment. We are a framework supplier for odour control maintenance to Southern Water, Scottish Water and Thames Water, regularly maintaining more than 120 sites.

    Treatment Works Products/Services
    FLI Precast Solutions logo

    FLI Precast Solutions

    United Kingdom

    FLI Precast Solutions (formerly FLI Carlow) provide design, engineering and manufacturing services for the off-site manufacture of specialist concrete infrastructure and attenuation systems. Our markets include Water, Wastewater, Energy and Storm Attenuation in the UK & Ireland and bespoke projects globally. SERVICES INCLUDE Design, engineering and manufacturing services for the off-site manufacture of specialist concrete infrastructure and attenuation systems. Design to national and international water industry standards and our semi-precast modular designs make us the industry leader in off-site concrete engineering and manufacture. By early involvement and integrating with our clients’ design teams we can accelerate and improve design optimisation and reduce cost. The value is in the solution, and off-site manufacturing and fabrication leads to higher efficiencies and lower risks and costs. Framework agreements enable us to add more value through collaboration, innovation, economies of scale, supply chain partnering and cost management. Our products and designs are engineered to provide solutions to many challenges facing our clients: water retention, water storage, water conveyancing, water management, water treatment, fire-resistance criteria, chemical resistance parameters, infrastructural products, retaining walls, coastal erosion, decorative walls, to name a few. We are a solutions provider using innovative off-site concrete engineering and our industry leading semi-precast modular designs. The company is part of the FLI Group which is a diversified group of companies providing environmental solutions, services and technologies to private and public sector customers in the UK, France, Ireland and throughout the world. PRODUCTS INCLUDE Service reservoirs Process settlement tanks (PST / HST / FST / etc) Storm & attenuation tanks (network or site based) Process structures (ASP / TSR / GAC / RGF / etc) MCC service foundations Bund wall system Chambers Channel & lids Comms chambers Multi-purpose chambers Bespoke culverts Holding tanks Barriers Demountable fence supports (international airport approved) Ballast blocks Dry flow channelling Foundation bases Blast fence supports

    Precast Concrete
    Concrete Works
    FT Ductile Ltd logo

    FT Ductile Ltd

    United Kingdom

    Ductile Iron Pipe and Fittings FT Ductile supplies a wide range of high quality, ductile iron pipes, fittings and ancillary products to the water industry for both potable and dirty water. Large stocks at our premises allow us to fulfil many orders on a next-day basis. Whatever the size of project, we can provide a tailor-made solution to include the sourcing, supply, delivery and after sales service. We supply ductile iron pipes in a range of diameters, from 80mm to 1600mm. Over the years, the range of products supplied by FT Ductile has expanded to include everything from ductile iron pipes to flange adaptors and valves. We have a number of exclusive distribution agreements in place and all products conform to DWI standards. Ductile iron pipes are most commonly used for drinking water and sewage distribution, usually lined with cement mortar in order to prevent corrosion over time. The benefit of using ductile iron pipes in potable and waste water systems is that they are stronger and resistant to fracture. FT Ductile has supply chain links with companies in Europe, USA and the Far East which has given us strong foundations for understanding how other cultures and nationalities like to do business. This information is invaluable when we come to export our pipe products and services. Wherever you are based, and whatever you require, from individual items such as valves and fittings, through to more complex orders for lengths of ductile pipe and fittings, we will provide you with our best possible price. And you can rest assured that through our extensive transport links, our products will reach you in a safe and timely manner. To find out more regarding our ductile iron pipes and other products, please feel free to contact us.

    Treatment Works Products/Services
    Networks - Sewerage
    Hydro International logo

    Hydro International

    United Kingdom

    Hydro International, a CRH company,  provides advanced products, services and expertise to help municipal, industrial and construction customers to improve their water management processes, increase operational performance and reduce environmental impact. Hydro International can help water companies meet their AMP and environmental obligations, including the reduction of sewer overflows and the Water Industry National Environment Programme (WINEP). Hydro International provides total solutions for Inlet Works, Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs), Stormwater Management, Flood Warning and Prevention, and Water Resource management, from design to supply and installation through to ongoing preventative maintenance, servicing and emergency repair.  These solutions include: Hydrometric data collection, monitoring analysis and reporting for river level, reservoir, network and weather. Continuous water quality monitoring for compliance with Section 82 of the Environment Act. Water resource analysis and consultancy. Stormwater management solutions, including options for Sustainable Drainage Systems. (SuDS) and Smart Maintenance. CSO event duration monitoring. CSO and storm tank treatment and screening. Passive flow controls for flood prevention schemes, SuDS, CSOs and WwTWs. Inlet works screening and grit removal solutions. Sludge screening. Dropping sewage or water safely from height. Hire, repair and maintenance of inlet works screens and screenings handling equipment

    Networks - Sewerage
    Asset Maintenance & Rehabilitation
    KGAL Consulting Engineers Ltd logo

    KGAL Consulting Engineers Ltd

    United Kingdom

    KGAL Consulting Engineers Ltd offers structural, mechanical, hydraulic, electrical and reliability engineering services in the field of large, bespoke, moving structures, through all stages of a project from concept to final commissioning. Water Control | Hydropower | Moving Structures |Design Engineering | Project Management | Specialist Consulting ​| Hydraulic Steel Structures KGAL has more man-years of experience in the design and construction of hydraulic steel structures than any other comparable UK consultancy, covering  all types of water control gates in a variety of applications, including: Flood defence River regulation Dams and reservoirs Navigable waterways Pumping stations Hydropower  ​Not only is KGAL the UK’s market leader in the design of hydraulic steel structures, but our overseas projects include the design of some of the largest of their type in the world. Reliability Engineering  KGAL also offers system engineering and, within that, consultancy services addressing risk and reliability. For clients in our core markets of hydropower, water control and moving structures, we provide professional advice on risk management and subsequent mitigation through reliability engineering.   Whether you’re looking for basic advice or a complex assessment, a partner or a leader, inspiration or the total solution; KGAL Consulting Engineers Ltd has the breadth, skill, scale and award-winning experience to meet and exceed your  expectations.

    Reservoirs - Raw Water
    Designers
    KGN Pillinger logo

    KGN Pillinger

    United Kingdom

    Advanced Pumping & Engineering Solutions With a heritage dating back to 1926, KGN Pillinger is a trusted partner in engineering and manufacturing advanced pumping solutions for the UK’s critical water infrastructure. We combine decades of experience with a progressive investment in technology to deliver robust, reliable, and compliant systems designed for long-term performance. We specialise in the design and in-house manufacture of water and wastewater pumping equipment built to withstand the demands of the water sector. Our proven resilience and expertise have made us a trusted supplier to major UK Water Utilities and the Ministry of Defence. Capabilities Our core capabilities include: Bespoke water boosting systems for network resilience. Packaged pumping stations for sewage and wastewater management. Durable pumping equipment engineered for all sectors. Integrated lifecycle support and maintenance services. Design & Manufacturing Excellence Our end-to-end project management ensures quality and accountability from concept to commissioning: Advanced 3D CAD Design and Building Information Modelling (BIM) support for seamless project integration. In-house fabrication and assembly using 316L Stainless Steel as standard for superior corrosion resistance and asset longevity. A state-of-the-art, fully equipped UK manufacturing facility ensuring quality control and supply chain security. Lifecycle Support for Critical Infrastructure Our dedicated Service Division ensures the operational reliability of your assets: Emergency support and nationwide services to ensure uninterrupted service. Professional installation, commissioning, and planned maintenance contracts. All KGN engineers are CSCS certified, CRB checked, and trained for confined space work, ensuring safe and compliant service on critical infrastructure sites. KIWA Certification KGN Pillinger is the only UK company holding KIWA certification for both: Above-ground AV and EV variable speed booster sets. Below-ground UPOD Underground Plant Room. This dual certification underscores our commitment to meeting the highest industry standards for quality, compliance, and energy efficiency. To discuss your specific project requirements, contact our engineering team: 📞 0208 681 0097 | 📧 sales@kgnpillinger.com | 🌐 www.kgnpillinger.com

    Health & Safety
    Accreditations
    PBA Applied Ecology Ltd logo

    PBA Applied Ecology Ltd

    United Kingdom

    PBA Applied Ecology Ltd has unparalleled experience in the environmental planning and practical management of water engineering schemes and in-channel river works. We have earned an outstanding reputation for delivering projects on time, on budget and to the satisfaction of all stakeholders. Our strength is Applied Ecology – the practical and innovative application of life sciences to real life situations. We assist with the planning and delivery of a range of water engineering schemes including reservoir engineering, catchment restoration and wetland creation, and are acknowledged for the successful completion of large scale projects on highly sensitive sites (SSSI, SAC). PBA offer a full range of services including baseline ecological survey, planning/consents, method statements, fish rescue, surface water management, water quality monitoring & control, invasive non-native species identification and control, biological monitoring, restoration design and delivery. Where appropriate, we apply protocols that are fully compliant with UK-wide delivery of Water Framework Directive. A frequent cause of stress amongst project teams is ensuring the maintenance of ecologically acceptable flow and water quality, and that impact on fish and other biota are minimised. PBA assist you in managing these aspects of water engineering projects. At the outset of each project, we can assist in agreeing achievable and ecologically acceptable water quality standards with regulators. Our staff then monitor, advise on containment works, and liaise with regulators throughout. PBA’s working methods are designed towards most efficient project delivery with minimum environmental impact. Engaging our specialist knowledge at an early stage of project design can help to ensure that the project is completed on time, on budget, and with enhanced conservation benefits. PBA deploy structured teams of professionals, to robustly deal with every challenge, from project conception, to aftercare management. And most importantly, we do this with safety as our No.1 priority. All of our staff are fully trained and equipped, and also attend PBA’s own water safety training/first aid course every year.

    Mapping & Modelling
    Wildlife Rescue & Relocation
    Polypipe logo

    Polypipe

    United Kingdom

    Since 2004, Polypipe has been successfully manufacturing engineered Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) to support the construction industry at every stage of its growth. With continuous research and development, Polypipe have become the market leaders in water management solutions, designing drainage systems that effectively meet the challenges of today’s construction sites. We develop site specific engineered drainage solutions that fulfil large scale civil engineering and infrastructure, commercial and residential projects, working closely with contractors, consultants, engineers and planners. The increase in climate change and urbanisation has pushed them to continually develop through innovation. We engineer specific systems that not only make space for water but we also develop systems that provide multifunctional benefits that create and sustain Green Infrastructure. With the shift towards creating resilient cities in the UK and around the world; green walls, Blue-Green roofs, swales and rain gardens that intercept water run-off are working in conjunctions with engineered solutions, such as permeable pavements and mass attenuation systems. Source control is being adopted more often on site where rainwater is intercepted on rooftops and on tall buildings with dense urban environments, all helping to mitigate the impact of flooding whilst reinforcing a positive outcome for a growing population, providing enjoyable places to live. Today we offer the widest choice of water management, surface water drainage, sewer and cable protection systems. We are evolving to meet the challenges through clever design and making space for water to capture, store and re-use.

    Networks - Sewerage
    PWNT logo

    PWNT

    United Kingdom

    PWNT, part of the Nijhuis Saur Industries (NSI) group, delivers cutting-edge solutions and consultancy services to meet the diverse needs of water utilities worldwide. Building on PWN’s rich legacy, PWNT leverages over 100 years of expertise to drive innovation in water treatment, with a strong focus on drinking water. Our pioneering technologies, including SIX® (Suspended Ion Exchange), ILCA® (Inline Coagulation and Adsorption), and CeraMac® (Ceramic Membrane Microfiltration), offer efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective treatment solutions for various water sources, ensuring the delivery of high-quality drinking water. Beyond technology development, PWNT offers comprehensive consultancy services in the study, design, optimization, and integration of water treatment technologies. PWNT is well-equipped to provide expert guidance on both emerging and traditional processes, such as pellet softening, advanced oxidation, GAC filtration, and coagulation. With a strong global presence, PWNT has successfully implemented large-scale projects and pilot installations across the world. Our innovative technologies are trusted by water utilities for their ability to address complex water quality challenges and adapt to diverse environmental conditions. Headquartered in the Netherlands, PWNT continues to foster strong partnerships with leading universities and global companies, committed to advancing sustainable water treatment technologies and helping utilities achieve their water quality goals.

    Designers
    Quantum Engineering Developments Ltd logo

    Quantum Engineering Developments Ltd

    United Kingdom

    Quantum Engineering Developments Limited specialises in the design, construction installation and commissioning of surge control systems, compressed air systems and booster pump sets. Surge Control Systems Surge conditions, or ‘water hammer’ can occur due to starting or stopping a pump, or failures in the power supply, controls or valves. Quantum Engineering is the leading UK supplier of surge vessels and related control equipment for the alleviation of this effect. All systems can include a patented QUBE controller, developed especially for surge vessel and accumulator control in complex variable flow rate and multi-pump systems. Packaged Booster Pump Sets The company supplies booster sets suitable for applications in final effluent and potable water booster pumps for sewage and water treatment installations. Control Panels Quantum Engineering specialises in the construction of multi-compartment control panel suites to suit the requirements of most UK water authorities. Electrical control panels are available with relay, PLC and microprocessor controlled logic systems, including variable speed drives and soft start, as well as conventional DOL and STAR/DELTA starters. Accreditation All systems are factory tested in house, and are assembled and fitted to meet current statutory requirements, including UK pressure systems legislation and DWI Regulations 25 and 31. Recent Contracts QED supply and install surge vessels via both main contractors and direct with the end users, to nearly all of the UK water companies on both new and replacement/refurbishment projects. What can Quantum do for you today?

    Accreditations
    Salix River and Wetland Services logo

    Salix River and Wetland Services

    United Kingdom

    Salix River & Wetland Services are bioengineering technical specialists, involved in the supply, contract and design elements of river, wetland and coastal projects. Salix has extensive experience working within all river types across the UK, providing innovative vegetated, sustainable solutions for soil erosion and wetland creation. SUPPLY Our in-house product range specifically developed for erosion control and habitat creation includes Coir Rolls, Coir Pallets, Rock Rolls, Rock Mattresses, Rock Bags and the world’s highest performing range of Composite Turf Reinforcement Mats – VMax C350 & C500. We also provide hydraulically applied solutions such as TerrAffix. We have the largest native wildflower and wetland plant nursery in the UK. Salix are the only company to manufacture coir rolls and pallets within the UK, providing a massive reduction in carbon. Salix rock products allow natural sediment accretion and vegetation establishment, unlike harder solutions such as rock armour or gabions. CONTRACTING Salix’s contracting division undertake works for local authorities, public bodies, utility companies, main contractors & private clients, having been involved in a diverse range of projects across the UK. Salix has unrivalled specialist equipment for fluvial environment, including a Mackenzie ‘Muck’ Spider excavator. The Spider has four independent legs, with the ability to access logistically challenging of sites. Salix also has long reach excavators, floating pontoons, hydroseeders and truxor available for a diverse range of specialist fluvial and intertidal activities.

    River & Coastal Flood Protection
    Contractors

    Scaling and Corrosion Control in Water Systems: Langelier Index, Chemical Dosing, and Materials Selection

    Scaling and corrosion are opposing water chemistry phenomena that both cause significant damage to water infrastructure. Scale formation occurs when mineral compounds exceed their solubility product (Ksp) and precipitate on pipe walls, heat exchanger surfaces, and membrane elements: calcium carbonate (CaCO3, calcite, Ksp 3.3 times 10 to the -9 at 25 degrees C) is the dominant scale in hard water systems; calcium sulphate (gypsum, Ksp 4.93 times 10 to the -5); barium sulphate (Ksp 1.1 times 10 to the -10, most problematic in oil and gas); silica (amorphous SiO2, solubility approximately 120 mg/L at 25 degrees C); iron (ferric hydroxide, iron bacteria). Corrosion occurs when metals dissolve electrochemically: galvanic corrosion at dissimilar metal junctions; general corrosion of cast iron at pH less than 6.5; dezincification of brass fittings in aggressive (low alkalinity) water; pitting corrosion of stainless steel in chloride-rich water (Cl- greater than 500 mg/L). The Langelier Saturation Index (LSI = pH - pHs) quantifies CaCO3 stability: LSI positive means scaling tendency; LSI negative means corrosive tendency; target LSI 0 to +0.5 for plumbing protection without significant scale formation.

    Antiscalant chemicals inhibit scale formation in membrane systems (RO, NF, MF) and cooling water circuits. Antiscalant mechanisms: threshold inhibition (polyphosphates, phosphonates, polyacrylates at 2 to 10 mg/L adsorb on crystal nuclei, inhibiting CaCO3 precipitation at concentrations 50 to 200 times above solubility); crystal modification (distorting crystal growth to produce non-adherent sludge); dispersion (polyelectrolytes prevent crystal agglomeration). Common antiscalants: HEDP (1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, phosphonate) effective for CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4; ATMP (aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid) for silica and iron; polyacrylate (MW 2,000 to 6,000) for CaCO3 and CaSO4 dispersion; maleic acid copolymers for mixed scaling. Antiscalant dosing: typically 2 to 10 mg/L for RO feed water; selection based on water chemistry analysis (Langelier, Stiff-Davis, Ryznar indices) and manufacturer Saturation Index modelling software (Lanxess Lewabrane, Dupont Water Solutions FilmTec WAVE, Avista Technologies Advisor). Over-dosing causes organic fouling on membranes; under-dosing causes scale fouling and irreversible flux decline.

    Corrosion inhibitors for water distribution systems include orthophosphate dosing, which forms a passive protective layer on lead, copper, and iron pipe surfaces: orthophosphate at 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L as P (maintaining pH above 7.5) reduces lead plumbosolvency by 50 to 80 percent (UK DWI Action Level for lead: 10 ug/L per EU DWD 2020/2184; US EPA Action Level 15 ug/L per LCR). Polyphosphate (NaHexaPO4, sodium hexametaphosphate) forms a scale-resistant coating in distribution pipes but may complex with lead and increase plumbosolvency - use is restricted by DWI in UK for lead pipe networks. pH and alkalinity adjustment: lime (Ca(OH)2) or soda ash (Na2CO3) dosing raises pH and adds alkalinity (target alkalinity 50 to 100 mg/L as CaCO3, pH 7.5 to 8.5) for soft water catchments (Scotland, Wales, SW England) to minimise corrosion. UK DWI Guidance on Water Treatment Chemicals (2023) and US EPA 3T's guidance on lead control specify corrosion inhibitor requirements.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is the Langelier Saturation Index and how is it used?

    The Langelier Saturation Index (LSI = pH - pHs) indicates whether water will precipitate or dissolve calcium carbonate (CaCO3). pHs is the theoretical pH at which the water is in exact equilibrium with CaCO3, calculated from: pHs = (9.3 + A + B) - (C + D), where A relates to TDS, B to temperature, C to calcium hardness, and D to total alkalinity (per Langelier's original 1936 formula). LSI greater than 0: water is supersaturated, scale-forming tendency; LSI equals 0: stable, no tendency; LSI less than 0: undersaturated, corrosive tendency. Practical targets: distribution systems: LSI 0 to +0.5 (slight scaling tendency protects pipe walls without excessive scale buildup); RO feed water: LSI less than 0 at the concentrate end (with antiscalant) to prevent CaCO3 scaling on membrane; cooling water: LSI 0 to +1.5 (higher scale tendency managed by antiscalant and blowdown). Related indices: Ryznar Stability Index (RSI = 2 times pHs - pH): RSI less than 6 means scale forming; RSI greater than 8 means corrosive. Stiff-Davis Index corrects for high ionic strength (seawater) where Langelier underestimates scale tendency.

    How do antiscalants prevent scale in RO systems?

    RO membrane scaling occurs in the concentrate stream where rejected ions accumulate to concentrations 4 to 8 times the feed (at recovery of 75 to 87 percent). Without antiscalant, CaCO3 scale forms at LSI greater than 0 at the concentrate, reducing membrane flux, increasing feed pressure, and potentially requiring acid cleaning (reducing membrane life). Antiscalant mechanism: (1) Threshold inhibition - antiscalant molecules (phosphonates, polyacrylates at 2 to 6 mg/L) adsorb onto CaCO3 crystal nuclei, blocking active growth sites; prevents precipitation at concentrations far above solubility limit; (2) Crystal modification - antiscalant distorts crystal habit, producing non-adherent, non-compacting sludge that is swept through the membrane by crossflow; (3) Dispersion - polymeric dispersants prevent crystal-to-crystal agglomeration. Selection: antiscalant is chosen by modelling concentrate chemistry using design software (Lanxess BWA, Dupont WAVE, Avista Advisor) - software predicts saturation indices for all potential scales (CaCO3, CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4, SiO2) at design recovery and recommends antiscalant type and dose. Silica scaling (amorphous SiO2) requires specific antiscalants effective at elevated pH.

    How is lead corrosion controlled in drinking water distribution?

    Lead plumbosolvency control is required where lead pipes, lead solder, or lead-containing brass fittings exist (pre-1970 housing stock in UK; pre-1986 in US). Control measures: (1) Orthophosphate dosing: 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L as P maintained in distribution; at pH 7.5 to 8.0, orthophosphate reacts with lead surface to form hydroxypyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3OH, Ksp 10 to the -76.8), a very insoluble protective coating; reduces lead at tap from greater than 100 ug/L to less than 10 ug/L in most cases; (2) pH optimisation: maintaining pH 7.5 to 8.5 reduces lead solubility by 2 to 5 times; dose lime or soda ash for soft water catchments; (3) Target UK DWI Action Level: 10 ug/L Pb at consumer tap (per EU DWD 2020/2184, 10 ug/L by 2036, interim 25 ug/L by 2022); US EPA LCR (Lead and Copper Rule Revisions 2021): AL 15 ug/L, trigger level 10 ug/L; (4) Lead pipe replacement (LSL - Lead Service Line replacement): UK WICs funded programmes replacing lead pipes (Ofwat AMP8 investment); US EPA LCRR requires LSL inventory and replacement within 10 years.

    What causes scale in heat exchangers and how is it removed?

    Heat exchanger scaling causes include: (1) CaCO3 (most common): forms in hard water heated above 60 degrees C (solubility decreases with temperature; hot water storage vessels, boiler feedwater, cooling tower heat exchangers); deposition rate increases 2 to 3 times per 10 degrees C temperature rise above 40 degrees C; (2) Calcium sulphate: solubility retrograde above 40 degrees C (decreasing with temperature), problematic in flash desalination and geothermal heat exchangers; (3) Iron oxide/hydroxide: corrosion products from upstream pipework depositing on heat exchanger surfaces; (4) Biological fouling: biofilm formation at 20 to 45 degrees C on surfaces reducing heat transfer coefficient by 10 to 40 percent. Scale removal methods: (1) Chemical cleaning: circulate acid (5 to 15 percent HCl for CaCO3, EDTA for iron scales) at 20 to 40 degrees C for 4 to 8 hours; inhibited acids (Rodine, Hakemull) prevent excessive base metal attack; neutralise and rinse before restart; (2) Mechanical cleaning: high-pressure water jetting (300 to 700 bar), shot blasting, or rotary brush for severe deposits; (3) Electrolytic descaling: impressed current reversal; (4) Prevention: antiscalant dosing (threshold inhibition), water softening of make-up water (cooling towers), temperature control, blowdown management (Langelier control).

    Case Study·Industrial process water and cooling systems
    Challenge

    A pharmaceutical manufacturing facility in the East of England was losing 18% of heat exchanger capacity annually due to calcium carbonate scale deposition in its purified water generation circuit (feed water hardness 320 mg/L as CaCO3, final heating stage to 80 degrees C). Chemical descaling downtime cost GBP 95,000 per year in lost production and labour.

    Approach

    A water treatment contractor installed a twin-vessel sodium cation exchange softener on the heat exchanger feed circuit, reducing hardness to below 2 mg/L as CaCO3. Corrosion inhibition was upgraded from chromate to a COSHH-compliant phosphonate/azole blend dosed at 120 mg/L. A quarterly inhibitor monitoring programme with coupon racks confirmed film persistence. The softener regeneration brine was neutralised and discharged under the existing trade effluent consent.

    Outcome

    Scale deposition rate fell by 96% in the first year, measured by coupon analysis. Heat exchanger cleaning frequency dropped from quarterly to once per year. Lost production from scale-related downtime was eliminated, saving GBP 88,000 per year. Corrosion rate on mild steel coupons fell from 0.12 mm/year to 0.02 mm/year, extending asset life projections by 12 years.

    Questions to Ask Shortlisted Providers

    1. 1

      What is the feed water hardness, alkalinity, pH, temperature, and Langelier Saturation Index (LSI)?

      LSI below 0 indicates corrosive tendency; LSI above +0.5 indicates scaling tendency; LSI and Ryznar Stability Index are the primary design inputs for chemical treatment programme selection.

    2. 2

      What materials of construction are present in the system (mild steel, stainless steel, copper alloys, galvanised pipework)?

      Multi-metal systems require inhibitor programmes protective of all metals simultaneously; copper-aluminium combinations create galvanic corrosion risks; galvanised pipework requires alkalinity management to prevent zinc release.

    3. 3

      What is the current blowdown rate and cycles of concentration in open cooling systems?

      Operating above recommended cycles of concentration without adequate biocide and inhibitor programmes causes accelerated scale and Legionella risk; ACOP L8 requires documented cooling tower water treatment regimes.

    4. 4

      What are the discharge consent conditions for spent regeneration brines or blowdown from treatment systems?

      Ion exchange regeneration brines (high chloride, TDS) may require dilution before discharge; limits are set by the water company in the trade effluent consent under WIA 1991 Section 118.

    5. 5

      Is there a current Legionella risk assessment and written control scheme covering all open cooling systems and hot water services?

      ACOP L8 requires a Legionella risk assessment for all premises with cooling towers or hot water systems; scale and corrosion in these systems directly increases Legionella colonisation risk and is a key control measure in the written scheme.

    What Drives Cost in This Category

    Chemical inhibitor and antiscalant programme cost

    Industrial inhibitor programmes typically cost GBP 0.05 to 0.25 per m3 of treated water; cooling tower programmes cost GBP 8,000 to 60,000 per year depending on system volume and make-up rate.

    Ion exchange softener capital and operating cost

    Twin-vessel softeners (500 to 5,000 L/hr) cost GBP 8,000 to 45,000 installed; salt costs run GBP 0.15 to 0.40 per m3 of softened water; brine disposal may add GBP 0.05 to 0.15 per m3.

    Monitoring programme (inhibitor analysis, coupon racks, corrosion probes)

    Quarterly water analysis and coupon inspection costs GBP 3,000 to 12,000 per year per system; online corrosion monitoring probes add GBP 5,000 to 20,000 capital but reduce service visits.

    Descaling downtime and chemical cleaning cost

    Chemical descaling of a heat exchanger train costs GBP 5,000 to 30,000 including inhibited acid, labour, neutralisation, and effluent disposal; production downtime cost typically exceeds chemical cost by 3 to 10 times.

    Key Regulations & Standards

    HSE ACOP L8 Legionella Control and HSG274 Parts 1 to 3

    Mandatory Approved Code of Practice for control of Legionella in water systems; requires Legionella risk assessment, written control scheme, monitoring records, and competent person appointment for all open cooling towers and hot water services; scale and corrosion control are named control measures.

    COSHH Regulations 2002 (SI 2002/2677)

    Scale and corrosion inhibitors (chromates, biocides, phosphonates) are hazardous substances requiring COSHH assessment, MSDS review, PPE specification, and emergency procedures; chromate-based inhibitors are restricted under REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XIV.

    Water Industry Act 1991 Section 118 Trade Effluent Consent

    Discharge of ion exchange regeneration brines, acidic descaling effluent, and cooling tower blowdown to sewer requires a Trade Effluent Consent; consent conditions specify volume, pH, temperature, and chemical concentration limits.

    BS EN ISO 9963 and BS EN 27888 Water Analysis Standards

    Specify methods for alkalinity, hardness, pH, and conductivity measurement used to calculate Langelier Saturation Index and monitor scaling/corrosion control programme effectiveness; laboratories performing these tests should be UKAS-accredited.